According to the 2020 Population Census conducted by the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), Generation Z in Indonesia numbers 71.5 million out of a total population of 270.2 million. The gender ratio of this group is slightly skewed towards males, with 36.7 million males compared to 34.7 million females, encompassing various challenges and opportunities in today’s job market and economy.

The highest populations of Generation Z are found in West Java (12.9 million), followed by East Java (9.6 million) and Central Java (9 million). Conversely, the provinces with the lowest Gen Z populations are North Kalimantan (205,124), Gorontalo (335,659), and West Papua (341,528).

Most Gen Z members aged 15-19 fall into the non-working age category, totaling 16.29 million people. The majority of these individuals (87 percent) are still in school or pursuing higher education. This shift reflects a trend towards informal work, with many Gen Z members engaging as freelancers or working without pay.

As of February 2024, BPS data shows that of the 18.4 million workers aged 15-24, 45.1 percent are employed in the informal sector. Among these informal workers, 61 percent are unpaid family workers. While some choose to start their own businesses, this group is considerably smaller compared to those working without compensation.

Despite the challenges of securing formal employment, Generation Z plays a crucial role in the global economy. With over two billion members worldwide, they influence consumer trends and technological advancements, including the use of smartphones and knowledge of artificial intelligence, blockchain, and the Internet of Things. In Indonesia, 92.14 percent of those aged 15-24 owned a mobile phone in 2023.

A recent Jakpat survey found that 95 percent of Gen Z consider work-life balance essential. They seek job flexibility, a supportive work environment, career development opportunities, and managerial support. However, many struggle to achieve these ideal conditions, with 3 out of 10 Gen Z workers remaining in a job for only one to two years.

Eunike Sri Tyas Suci, a psychologist at Atma Jaya University in Jakarta, notes that Gen Z’s view of an ideal job reflects a better understanding of the work world. However, she emphasizes the need for Gen Z to assess their own capabilities and set realistic career goals.

Despite the obstacles they face, Generation Z in Indonesia remains a pivotal force in shaping social and economic changes in the future.